Environment Control
Command Description cd d Change to directory d mkdir d Create new directory d rmdir d Remove directory d mv f1 [f2...] d Move file f to directory d mv d1 d2 Rename directory d1 as d2 passwd Change password alias name1 name2 Create command alias (csh/tcsh) alias name1="name2" Create command alias (ksh/bash) unalias name1[na2...] Remove command alias na ssh nd Login securely to remote node exit End terminal session setenv name v Set env var to value v (csh/tcsh) export name="v" Set environment variable to value v (ksh/bash)
Output, Communication, & Help
Command Description lpr -P printer f Output file f to line printer lp -d printer f Output file f to line printer script [f] Save terminal session to f exit Stop saving terminal session mailx username Send mail to user man name Unix manual entry for name
Process Control
Command Description CTRL/c * Interrupt processes CTRL/s * Stop screen scrolling CTRL/q * Resume screen output sleep n Sleep for n seconds jobs Print list of jobs kill % Kill job n ps Print process status stats kill -9 n Remove process n CTRL/z * Suspend current process stop %n Suspend background job n cmmd& Run cmmd in background bg [%n] Resume background job n fg [%n] Resume foreground job n exit Exit from shell
Environment Status
Command Description ls [d] [f...] List files in directory ls -1 [f...] List files in detail alias [name] Display command aliases printenv [name] Print environment values quota Display disk quota date Print date & time who List logged in users whoami Display current user finger [username] Output user information chfn Change finger information pwd Print working directory history Display recent commands ! n Submit recent command n
File Manipulation
Command Description vi [f] Vi fullscreen editor emacs [f] Emacs fullscreen editor ed [f] Text editor wc f Line, word, & char count cat f List contents of file more f List file contents by screen cat f1 f2 >f3 Concatenates f1 & f2 into f3 chmod mode f Change protection mode of f cmp f1 f2 Compare two files cp f1 f2 Copy file f1 into f2 sort f Alphabetically sort f split [-n] f Split f into n-line pieces mv f1 f2 Rename file f1 as f2 rm f Delete (remove) file f grep 'ptn' f Outputs lines that match ptn diff f1 f2 Lists file differences head f Output beginning of f tail f Output end of f
Abbreviations used in this document
CTRL/x hold down control key and press x d directory env environment f filename n number nd computer node prtr printer ptn pattern var variable [y/n] yes or no [] optional arg ... list